Alaska's Commercial Salmon Fishery

In Alaska, salmon come first. Alaska has a longdeep weighted lines through the water, each with
and successful track record of managing and8 - 12 leaders attached. At the end of each leader
conserving its abundant salmon resources. Recordthere is a lure or baited hook. Boat size varies
salmon runs with a recent average annual catchfrom small skiffs to vessels of 50 feet or more
of 165 million salmon is the proof of thiswith most ranging between 25 to 40 feet.
successful approach.Trollers primarily target king, coho, and pink
Nearly 95% of all commercially caught salmon insalmon as they enter Alaskan waters on their
the US are harvested in Alaska. Alaska is the topway to the spawning grounds. Trollers catch a
producer of wild, high-value salmon, producingrelatively low volume of high-quality fish. The fish
nearly 80 percent of the world supply of king,they catch are bright and vigorous from fresh
sockeye, and coho. Alaska's commercial salmonocean waters. They are oftensold dressed, or
fishery is vital to the Alaskan economy and thefilleted in the fresh or fresh frozen market.
Alaskan way of life.Gillnetters set curtain-like nets in the water
Each year, the salmon industry providessuspended from a float line at the surface and a
thousands of jobs and hundreds of millions ofweighted lead line along the submerged bottom
dollars to the state's economy. Commercial fishingedge. Nets vary in length from 900 to 1800 feet
is critical to communities and fishingfamilieslong. The net's mesh openings are just large
throughout the state.enough to allow an adult fish head to get through
Alaska's fishing industry leads the state inand become entangled at the gills.
providing 47% of private sector jobs, and isThere are two types of gillnets; driftnets that are
second only to the oil industry in providingfree floating from boats, and setnets that have
revenue to the state. In 2002, the exvessel valueone end attached to the shoreline. Boat size is
for combined fisheries totaled $955 million withlimited to 32 feet or less in Bristol Bay; otherwise,
$162 million from salmon.the average range is 30 to 40 feet. Gillnetters
Salmon fishing permits are issued to individuals,primarily harvest sockeye, chum and coho.
not corporations, through the "limited entry permitPurse Seiners use a large floating net, pulled and
system". The total number of available permitsset in circle by a power skiff, to surround
for each fishery is strictly limited. Fishermen mayschooling salmon. The weighted "purse line" at
not own more than one salmon permit for thebottom of the net is drawn closed to contain the
same gear type and area. This creates a fisheryfish. The net full of fish is then gathered to the
made up of many individuals and families.boat through a highpowered hydraulic block.
Three main gear types catch Alaska salmon:Purse seiners are not allowed north of the Alaska
trolling, gillnetting, and purse seining. All commercialPeninsula; boat size is limited to 58 feet. Purse
salmon fishing boats are relatively small vessels;Seiners harvest mainly pink salmon near the
averaging 30 to 50 feet.shoreline and close to fresh water spawning
Trollers use long trolling poles to pull or troll 2 to 4grounds where runs are highly concentrated.