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Article #22: Things you should know about kidney disease and lupus

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Studies revealed that about a third of place before a kidney biopsy.The kidney
patients that have systemic lupus biopsy takes place in order to confirm
erythematosus can develop a kidney the diagnosis of lupus nephritis. It is
disease called lupus nephritis or lupus made by inserting a needle through the
glomerulonephritis.Lupus nephritis skin of the back and removing a tiny
usually shows very few signs. It doesn't piece of the kidney.Then, the small part
cause pain or burning during urination taken from the kidney is analyzed under
and also it does not produce pain in the the microscope in order to determine how
abdomen or back.The first symptom the much inflammation or permanent damage is
patient with lupus nephritis usually present within the kidney.
experiences is puffiness in the legs, There are four most common types of
ankles or fingers. This happens because nephritis: focal or diffuse proliferative
the loss of protein in the urine may lead nephritis, mesangial nephritis and
to fluid retention with weight gain and membranous nephritis.
swelling. The treatment for lupus nephritis must be
Sometimes the fact that a patient has individualized, because there are
lupus nephritis is discovered only after different patients having different
urine studies are made. It is very needs. It is important that all factors
possible that if there is made another that appear to be taken in consideration
urine test, the urine abnormalities to when deciding the treatment.General
disappear. But there are patients in principles of medical management of
which the abnormal findings on urine kidney disease include anti-hypertensive
studies persist or can become even worse drugs to control increased blood
in time. This kind of patients require pressure, diuretic agents to help
more studies to determine the best eliminate excess fluid, changes in the
treatment to control the disease, because diet to control the intake of salt,
there appears the risk for loss of kidney proteins and calories. These are very
function. important in lupus nephritis.
It is important to know that patients Corticosteroids are often used to treat
having lupus can experience some symptoms lupus nephritis. We can mention here
that confuse them and think they have prednisolone, prednisone and
lupus nephritis. For example infections methylprednisolone. There still are some
of the urinary tract with burning on unanswered question about how
urination, or medications used in lupus corticosteroids work and how they may be
treatment may produce signs that can most effectively used. Usual, high doses
start the confusion.There are some tests of corticosteroids are given until there
that can be done in order to find out if appears improvement in the lupus
a patient has lupus nephritis. nephritis. Then , the dose is reduced,
Urinalysis is the most used and the most but there is done a careful observation
simple test to do. A urine sample is by the physician to make sure that the
studied to find out if there is protein nephritis doesn't get worse.If
and blood cells which are not normally corticosteroids are given for long
found in the urine.If in the urine sample periods, there can appear side effects,
there are found red blood cells, white like easy bruising, increase in appetite
blood cells, casts(excretion in the urine and fluid retention with weight gain,
of protein or blood cells that collect cataracts, thinning of the hair, an
within the tubules of the kidney), or increase in the risk of infection,
there is discovered the presence of diabetes and other.
protein, there exists the possibility of When patients do not respond at
lupus nephritis, and further tests are corticosteroid treatment, they are given
necessary.Sometimes, it is done a urine Cytotoxic or immunosuppressive drugs such
collection over a period of 24 hours to as azathioprine or cyclophosphamide. The
measure the kidneys' ability to filter effect of these drugs is to block the
waste products. function of the immune system.As a
Blood studies can also be performed, and result, further damage to the kidneys is
we can mention the blood urea nitrogen prevented. However, even if these drugs
and serum creatinine. These are tests may be beneficial, they can also bring
that are made to find out if waste serious complications.
products are being removed properly by Although there is appropriate treatment,
the kidney and are not building up in the there are patients that develop
blood.By measuring the serum albumin, it progressive loss of kidney function and
can be determined if there is a low renal failure. This requires the use of
protein level in the blood, and chemistry artificial dialysis, and that can be done
studies such as the serum sodium, by hemodialysis or peritoneal
potassium, and bicarbonate determine the dialysis.Also, it can be made a kidney
imbalances of salt and water in the transplantation, and it is known that
blood.There can be also made blood tests this has been very successful in patients
in order to determine if there are with renal failure from lupus nephritis.
abnormalities of the immune system. Over the years, science advanced in the
An intravenous sonogram or pyelogram can understanding of what causes lupus
be made to determine the size and shape nephritis, and there were made
of the kidneys. Usually this test takes improvements in ways to treat patients.






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